What do your kids and teens know about the people living in North America before Columbus arrived?
What do they know about the descendants of those people—American Indians who are living in the Western Hemisphere today?
Indigenous Peoples' Day is observed each year in the United States on the second Monday in October. It's a great time to learn more about Indigenous People—the history as well as current lives, contributions, and cultures. A good place to start is with the Frequently Asked Questions on the National Museum of the American Indian website.
Read this article, What Indigenous Peoples' Day Means to Native Americans, to learn about the origins of both Columbus Day and Indigenous Peoples' Day—now observed on the same date but not always in the same places.
We have gathered lesson plans, articles, photographs, books, videos, audio, and other resources to help you learn about Indigenous people with your children.
Pro Tip: Homeschoolers also report they are often able to find resources by checking with American Indian tribes in their state or locale. Sometimes, tribes have educational materials to share or events that may be open to your family.
Remember, always review resources for suitability for your family.
Indigenous Peoples' Day
As you use the resources provided to learn more about Indigenous Peoples' Day, it is a good time to discuss the following questions with your kids:
- Why are Indigenous Peoples Day and Columbus Day on the same date?
- How do American Indians celebrate culture and heritage?
- What has been and is the impact of the arrival of European colonists on Indigenous people in the Americas?
- What are the contemporary lives of American Indian families like today?
If your family is American Indian, you may observe Indigenous Peoples' Day as a time for appreciating or mourning different parts of history, a call to action, or a time to celebrate your family and culture.
We can all observe Indigenous Peoples' Day with learning!
Indigenous Peoples’ Day Books, Films, and Lesson Plans
A large collection of educator resources for learning about and teaching Indigenous Peoples' Day from the Zinn Education Project. Inside, you can find information about Rethinking Columbus Day, Native American Activism from the 1960s to Present, and other historical and contemporary Indigenous issues.
Columbus Day? Indigenous Peoples’ Day?
This article from Harvard's Graduate School of Education tackles some of the issues surrounding Columbus Day and strategies for teaching it to your students. The article is accompanied by discussion topics, activity ideas, and other resources.
Un-Columbus Day
A checklist of dos and don'ts for teaching Indigenous Peoples' Day and/or Columbus Day from Teaching Channel.
IllumiNative: Indigenous Peoples' Day Toolkit and Resources
IllumiNative is a non-profit collective of "Native storytellers, artists, youth, organizers, tribal and grassroots leaders as well as non-Native partners." In addition to being a great place to learn about contemporary Indigenous people, art, and culture, its website hosts tons of great educator resources, including an Indigenous Peoples' Day toolkit and PK-8 lesson plans and activity ideas.
The Native History of Indigenous Peoples' Day
This article from Yes! Magazine discusses the history behind the movement for recognizing Indigenous Peoples' Day as a holiday and why many cities and states now celebrate it in lieu of Columbus Day.
Indigenous Peoples’ Day Family Action Toolkit
The Indigenous Peoples’ Day Family Action Toolkit is a printable workbook developed by the Student Ignition Society that has strategies, lesson plans, worksheets, and activities for teaching young children about Indigenous Peoples and contemporary issues.
8 ways to observe Indigenous Peoples’ Day with children
The United States, and many individual states, observe Columbus Day on the 2nd Monday in October, but a growing number of cities and states are refusing to honor a man who committed genocide. Instead, they are marking the date as Indigenous Peoples’ Day. There are many ways children of all ages can observe Indigenous Peoples’ Day. In this post, Rebekah shares 8 options that can be used with preschool, elementary, and middle school-age kids.
Lesson Plans and Learning Resources About Indigenous Peoples
Powwows.com: Native American Lesson Plans and Learning Activities
Powwows.com has an extensive guide for reframing your studies on Native Americans through a contemporary lens, as well as incorporating Native studies into your everyday curriculum. You can find guides for teaching students of all ages, lesson plans, activity ideas, games, music, recipes, and other resources. You can also use the website to find local events and videos of powwows.
Lessons of Our Land
The nonprofit Indian Land Tenure Foundation provides this "innovative curriculum that enables Pre-K through grade 12 teachers to easily incorporate Native American stories, lessons and games into regular classroom instruction." Over 200 searchable lessons for both Native and non-Native students.
First Nations Development Institute Educator Resources
First Nations Development Institute is a nonprofit that fosters development in Native American Tribal communities and provides public education and outreach. In its online Knowledge Center, you can find all sorts of educational resources, including videos, webinars, recipes, and more.
National Indian Education Association Lesson Plans and Educator Resources
NIEA hosts a large collection of PK-12 lesson plans, classroom activity ideas, and other educator resources on its website.
National Museum of the American Indian
The Smithsonian's National Museum of the American Indian is home to a large collection of artifacts, objects, photos, and other media from Native cultures all over the Western hemisphere. In addition to browsing the collection online, you can find other educational events, programs, and resources on its website.
Native American Heritage - Cultural Resources
Teaching with Historic Places lesson plans that help students celebrate American Indian heritage.
Kids' Books About Indigenous Peoples
Below, we have listed a few highly rated books for kids about Indigenous peoples. When evaluating books about Indigenous peoples to share with your kids, consider these easy-to-use tips from Dr. Debbie Reese for evaluating stories to be sure they accurately depict Native peoples.
Lands of Our Ancestors
This three-volume set of historical fiction books written by a Native American author covers the "California Mission Era, the Mexican Rancho Era, the Gold Rush and early California statehood." The books are geared toward grades 4-6. Teacher guides for each volume are available and are listed below on the right.
Booklists from other websites:
From Birch Bark Books: Books By and About Native Americans
Birch Bark Books is an independent bookstore in Minneapolis, MN that is dedicated to selling authentic and culturally-appropriate books by and about Native Americans. If you can't visit in person, you can find books on just about any topic for any age in its online store.
From American Indians in Children's Literature (AICL): American Indians in Children's Literature
"Established in 2006 by Dr. Debbie Reese of Nambé Pueblo, American Indians in Children's Literature (AICL) provides critical analysis of Indigenous peoples in children's and young adult books." The site offers "best book" lists by year.
From American Indian Library Association: American Indian Youth Literature Award Winners
"Awarded biennially, the AIYLA identifies and honors the very best writing and illustrations by Native Americans and Indigenous peoples of North America. Books selected to receive the award present Indigenous North American peoples in the fullness of their humanity."
Thanksgiving and Native American Heritage Month
NativeAmericanHeritageMonth.gov
NativeAmericanHeritageMonth.gov is "a collaborative project of the Library of Congress and the National Endowment for the Humanities, National Gallery of Art, National Park Service, Smithsonian Institution, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and U.S. National Archives and Records Administration." Its online collection features thousands of primary source documents, artifacts, photos, and more for studying and learning about both historical and contemporary Native American cultures. It also hosts a large collection of educator resources, lesson plans, and activities.
How to Support Indigenous People on Thanksgiving
A list of ways to focus on indigenous people while celebrating Thanksgiving; not geared toward children but includes some ideas that could be implemented with children.
Maps and Places
Invasion of America: Interactive Map
"Between 1776 and 1887, the United States seized over 1.5 billion acres from America's Indigenous people by treaty and executive order. The Invasion of America shows how by mapping every treaty and executive order during that period. It also contains present-day federal Indian reservations." The Invasion of America is a project of eHistory.org.
Whose Land: Native Maps and Land Agreements
Whose Land is a project based on the interactive maps of Canada from native-land.ca. The site includes accompanying K-12 lesson plans that teach students about the significance of land to Indigenous peoples and help them write land agreements.
Native Land Map
Use this interactive map to explore the First Nations and indigenous cultures from around the world. The site includes a teacher's guide and additional links and resources for learning more about each nation.
American Indians Today
Native Americans Today: Booklist and Lesson Plans
"Many people think that Native Americans are a vanished people—that they do not exist in the present day. In this lesson plan, teachers use photo essays and other texts to introduce students to Native children and their families, thereby countering the idea that Native people no longer exist." Lessons, activities, and discussion topics for K-12.
Indian Country Today
Indian Country Today is one of the largest news organizations dedicated to covering American Indian news and culture. It's an excellent resource for finding stories of both everyday and famous Native Americans and learning about current events, issues, culture, and history.
Cultural Survival
Cultural Survival is an advocacy group that is focused on Indigenous rights, news, and issues from around the world. In addition to its news and radio program, it's a great resource for finding events, ways to get involved in Indigenous activism, volunteer opportunities, and other activity ideas to celebrate Indigenous Peoples' Day.
The Cultural Conservancy
The Cultural Conservancy is a native-led nonprofit organization based in the San Francisco Bay Area. Its website hosts loads of information to learn about contemporary Indigenous issues, art, culture, videos, workshops, and events.
Tribal Directory and Tribal Organizations
An extensive database of US tribes, national tribal organizations, regional intertribal organizations, and other associations from the National Congress of American Indians. Use the list to find organizations in your area for news, events, and other resources.
Photographs
Project 562
"Created by Matika Wilbur, Project 562 is a multi-year national photography project dedicated to photographing over 562 federally recognized tribes in The United States resulting in an unprecedented repository of imagery and oral histories that accurately portrays contemporary Native Americans."
Audio and Video
What Indigenous Peoples' Day means to Native Americans
A two-minute NPR story from 2021, the year Indigenous Peoples' Day was made an official federal holiday on the same date as Columbus Day.
Warrior Kids Podcast
A podcast for kids celebrating Indigenous peoples and cultures, hosted by a member of the Eel River Bar First Nation in New Brunswick, which is part of the larger Mi’kmaw Nation. Native food, lacrosse, bald eagles, water, medicine, and Indigenous identity are just a few of the topics covered.
Kids' Audiobooks for Native American Heritage Month
Following the important #ownvoices practice, this list features audiobooks written and/or narrated by Native Americans and selected for young people.
PBS Learning Library
PBS Learning Library has a variety of short and longer videos on Indigenous topics for different age groups. These are important for parents to preview because some are part of lessons for younger kids and some are for mature teens or adults, such as recordings of PBS NewsHour segments. Topics include the real story of Pocahontas, boarding schools for Indigenous children, interactions between colonists and Indigenous people, Indigenous shelters and homes, Indigenous food and cooking, stereotypes of Indigenous people, and more.
Native America in the Classroom
Four hour-long videos from PBS for kids in grades 6-12, covering Indigenous history, culture, government, current life and efforts to preserve cultural traditions.
Reservation Dogs
This fictional coming-of-age comedy TV series about teens on an Indian reservation is for mature teens to adults. The series was created by and stars Indigenous people. Read Common Sense Media's notes to decide if this series is right for your teens. There are mature themes and language, and the series may also provoke thought-provoking conversations.